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Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, is a common oral health condition that can have serious consequences if left untreated. It primarily involves the infection of structures surrounding the teeth, including the gums, cementum (tooth root covering), periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone. Periodontal diseases can range from mild gingivitis to more severe forms of periodontitis, and they can impact both oral and overall health.
Gingivitis: Gingivitis is the earliest stage of gum disease and primarily affects the gums. It is typically caused by the accumulation of bacterial plaque on the teeth and gums. Common signs of gingivitis include swollen and bleeding gums, redness, and an increased tendency for gums to bleed while brushing or flossing. Gingivitis is generally reversible with proper oral hygiene practices.
Periodontitis: Periodontitis is a more severe form of gum disease in which the infection extends beyond the gums and affects the supporting structures of the teeth, including the bone. It can lead to tooth mobility and eventual tooth loss if not properly managed. Periodontitis often develops from untreated gingivitis.
The primary cause of gum disease is the accumulation of bacterial plaque on tooth surfaces, particularly in areas where the teeth and gums meet. Plaque contains harmful bacteria that release toxins, leading to inflammation of the gums. Other factors that can contribute to gum disease include:
The signs and symptoms of gum disease may include:
Preventing gum disease involves maintaining good oral hygiene practices, including daily brushing and flossing, using an antiseptic mouthwash, and attending regular dental check-ups and professional cleanings. If gum disease is diagnosed, treatment may involve:
The prognosis for gum disease depends on the stage at which it is diagnosed and the individual's response to treatment. Early detection and intervention are crucial in preventing the progression of the disease.
If you suspect you have gum disease or have noticed any signs or symptoms mentioned above, it's essential to seek professional dental care promptly. Contact Bonavista Dental Centre at (613) 232-2659 to schedule an appointment with Dr. Andreea Birsila. Our experienced dental team is dedicated to preserving your oral health and providing the necessary treatments to address gum disease and maintain a healthy smile. You can find us conveniently located at Suite 1460, 220 Laurier Avenue W in Ottawa, ON.
